Verses Showing Israel is "Not My People"

This transition is often described using marriage and divorce metaphors, signifying the end of the Old Covenant relationship.

• Hosea 2:2: God uses standard legal language for divorce to signify His rejection of the unfaithful nation, stating, "She is not my wife, and I am not her husband".
• Isaiah 5:1–7: This parable describes Israel as a vineyard that produced "worthless" grapes, leading God to command that it be "consumed" and "trampled ground".
• Matthew 21:43: Jesus explicitly tells the Jewish leaders that because of their rebellion, the "kingdom of God shall be taken from you" and given to a different nation.
• Romans 9:27: Paul quotes Isaiah 10:22, noting that although the children of Israel are numerous, "only the remnant will be saved," while the rest are consumed.

Verses Showing Gentiles are "My People"

Gentiles, who were previously excluded, are now brought into the spiritual kingdom.

• Hosea 2:23: This prophecy specifically addresses the Gentiles, declaring that God will say to them which were "not my people, Thou art my people".
• Romans 9:24–26: Paul confirms this first-century fulfillment, stating that God called "not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles" to be called "sons of the Living God".
• 1 Peter 2:10: Writing to the "strangers" (Gentiles), Peter notes that they "in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God".
• Isaiah 62:2: Prophesies that the "Gentiles shall see thy righteousness" and the faithful will be called by a "new name" (identified as Christian).
• Isaiah 19:25: In a Messianic context, God declares, "Blessed be Egypt my people, and Assyria the work of my hands," which is part of a larger metaphor to be interpreted as the Gentiles being joined with the faithful remnant of Israel.

In summary, these verses illustrate the transition from Judaism to Christianity, where the Gentiles are grafted into the spiritual "tree of life" while the unfaithful branches of the old system are broken off.