Prophetic Base
Chapter 12 as a chiasm
Double Covenant Structure
E (12:1–15:1)
D2′ (15:2–16:17)
D1 (8:2–11:19)
Groups Of 7s
C1 (4:1–8:1) 
 B2′ (19:11–22:5)
B1 (2:1-3:22) 
C2′ (16:18–19:10)
Untitled group
A1 (1:1–11)

Introduction to the seven churches Christ is present with His church (1:12-20)

The Seven Churches

  • Ephesus (2:1-7)
  • Smyrna (2:8-11)
  • Pergamos (2:12-17)
  • Thyatira (2:18-29)
  • Sardis (3:1-6)
  • Philadelphia (3:7-13)
  • Laodicea (3:14-22)

Prologue: How to Read This Book (1:1-11)

How To Read And Obey The Book.canvas
7 Promises To the Church.canvas

Introduction to the seven plagues – angels preparing for warfare; temple Oilled with God’s glory (15:2 – 16:1)

Seven Bowls of Wrath** Containing the Seven Plagues (16:2-21) — Punitive Judgments shaking the very foundations

  • Bowl 1 - On the land (16:2)
  • Bowl 2 - On the sea (16:3)
  • Bowl 3 - On the waters (16:4-7)
  • Bowl 4 - On the sun (16:8-9)
  • Bowl 5 - On the throne of the beast (16:10-11)
  • Bowl 6 - On the Euphrates (16:12-16)
  • Bowl 7 - On the air (16:17) – note that this 7th bowl seems to introduce all of the next septet (cf. 16:17-21)

Introduction to the seven trumpets – God ordains victory for the church through prayer (8:1-6)

The War Against the Church's Persecutors (8:7 — 11:19)

  1. Trumpet 1 - The land is set on fire (8:7)
  2. Trumpet 2 - The sea is turned to blood (8:8-9)
  3. Trumpet 3 - The rivers and springs become bitter (8:10-12)
  4. Trumpet 4 - The heavenly bodies are dimmed (8:12-13 )
  5. Trumpet 5 - Demons released from the pit (9:1-12)
  6. Trumpet 6 - Demons released from Euphrates (9:13-21)
  7. Trumpet 7 - The seventh trumpet (11:15-19) seems to comprise all of the fourth septet

7 7 7

  1. 7 blessings, 1:3; 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 20:6; 22:7,14
  2. 7 lampstands, 1:12
  3. 7 spirits of God, 1:4; 3:1; 4:5; 5:6
  4. 7 stars, 1:16,20; 2:1 5.
  5. 7 lamps of 7ire, 4:5 6.
  6. 7 seals on the scroll, 5:1
  7. 7 horns, 7 eyes of the lamb, 5:6
  8. 7 attributes of Jesus praised, 5:12
  9. 7 signs in nature, 6:12-14
  10. 7 types of men, 6:15
  11. 7 attributes of God praised, 7:12
  12. 7 angels before God, 8:2,6 13.
  13. 7 trumpets held by the seven angels, 8:6
  14. 7 signs, 12:1,3; 13:13,14; 15:1; 16:14; 19:20
  15. 7 heads, 7 diadems of the red dragon, 12:3
  16. 7 heads of the sea beast, 13:1; 17:3,7
  17. 7 angels, 14:6-20
  18. 7 plagues, 15:1; 21:9
  19. 7 hills, 17:9
  20. 7 kings 17:10
  21. 7 things no more(21:1,4[four times]; 21:25; 22:3)

Impact of Isaiah on the Book's Structure

  • Revelation 5 → Isaiah 29:11 (the sealed book)
  • Revelation 6:10–11 → Isaiah 26:20–21 (the cry for vengeance and waiting a little season)
  • Revelation 6:12–14 → Isaiah 34:4 (the heavens rolled up and stars falling)
  • Revelation 8:7 → Isaiah 28:17 (hail judgment)
  • Revelation 11:8 → Isaiah 1:9–10 (Jerusalem as spiritual Sodom)
  • Revelation 11:8–11 → Isaiah 26:19 (national resurrection imagery)
  • Revelation 12:3, 9 → Isaiah 27:1 (Leviathan, the serpent, the dragon)
  • Revelation 14:8 → Isaiah 13–14; 21:9 (Babylon is fallen)
  • Revelation 14:11 → Isaiah 34:10 (smoke ascending forever)
  • Revelation 18 → Isaiah 13–14; 21:9 (the fall of Babylon)
  • Revelation 21:4 → Isaiah 25:8 (God wipes away all tears)
  • Revelation 21:5 → Isaiah 25:1 (true and faithful words)
  • Revelation 21–22 → Isaiah 65:17; 66:22 (new heavens and new earth)

Zechariah's Impact on Revelation

  • Revelation 6:1–8 → Zechariah 6:1–7 (the four horsemen/chariots)
  • Revelation 11:3–4 → Zechariah 4:1–14 (the two olive trees and lampstands)
  • Revelation 14–15 → Zechariah 12:2, 6 (cup of wrath and fire judgment)
  • Revelation 19 → Zechariah 9:9 (the coming King)
  • Revelation 22:1–5 → Zechariah 14:8 (living waters flowing from Jerusalem)

Impact of Ezekiel on the Book's Structure

  • Revelation 1 → Ezekiel 1
  • Revelation 4 → Ezekiel 1
  • Revelation 5 → Ezekiel 2–3
  • Revelation 6 → Ezekiel 5–7
  • Revelation 7:1–2 → Ezekiel 7:2–3
  • Revelation 7–8 → Ezekiel 9–10
  • Revelation 10 → Ezekiel 2–3
  • Revelation 10–13 → Ezekiel 11–14 (echoes)
  • Revelation 11:1–2 → Ezekiel 40
  • Revelation 13:11–18 → Ezekiel 14
  • Revelation 17 → Ezekiel 16, 23
  • Revelation 18 → Ezekiel 26–28
  • Revelation 19:11–21 → Ezekiel 29, 32, 39
  • Revelation 20:1–3 → Ezekiel 29, 32
  • Revelation 20:4–6 → Ezekiel 37
  • Revelation 20:7–10 → Ezekiel 38:1–39:20
  • Revelation 20:11–15 → Ezekiel 39:21–29
  • Revelation 21–22 → Ezekiel 40–48

Malachi's Impact on Revelation

  • Malachi 1 → Revelation 2–3 (Corrupt worship and covenant unfaithfulness among God's people)
  • Malachi 2 → Revelation 17 (Covenant infidelity portrayed through marriage imagery)
  • Malachi 3:1–5 → Revelation 1–2 (The Lord comes to inspect and judge His covenant people)
  • Malachi 3:2–3 → Revelation 1 (Refiner's fire and purified priesthood)
  • Malachi 3:16–18 → Revelation 3; 20 (The faithful remnant distinguished from the wicked; the book of remembrance)
  • Malachi 4:1–3 → Revelation 14; 18–19 (The Day of the Lord, burning judgment, and the defeat of the wicked)
  • Malachi 4:4 → Revelation 15 (Remember the Law of Moses immediately before final judgment)
  • Malachi 4:5–6 → Revelation 11 (Prophetic witness before the great Day of the Lord)

Hosea’s Impact on Revelation

  • Hosea 1–3 → Revelation 7; 19–22 (“Not my people” → sons of God; harlot imagery; final restoration and Davidic reign)
  • Hosea 4–6 → Revelation 9–11; 20–21 (No knowledge of God → corruption, judgment, and resurrection/third-day restoration)
  • Hosea 7–10 → Revelation 13–18 (Political/economic unfaithfulness, false alliances, and Babylon system collapse)
  • Hosea 11–14 → Revelation 19–22 (God’s compassion, final judgment on death, repentance, and new creation restoration)
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English
Revelation MT (F35) English

Moses Impact on Revelation

  • Deuteronomy 31–32 → Revelation 6–19 (The covenant lawsuit against apostate Israel)
  • Deuteronomy 32:1 → Revelation 6–19 (The heavens and earth as covenant witnesses)
  • Deuteronomy 32:15–18 → Revelation 13; 17–18 (Israel's apostasy and spiritual harlotry)
  • Deuteronomy 32:22–26 → Revelation 8–9; 15–16 (Fire, famine, plagues, and covenant curses)
  • Deuteronomy 32:23–24 → Revelation 6 (Sword, famine, pestilence, and destruction)
  • Deuteronomy 32:35 → Revelation 6:10–11; 18:20; 19:2 (Divine vengeance and judgment)
  • Deuteronomy 32:36 → Revelation 11:18; 15:3–4 (God vindicates His servants)
  • Deuteronomy 32:39 → Revelation 1:17–18 (The Lord who kills and makes alive)
  • Deuteronomy 32:41–43 → Revelation 19:1–21 (God repays His enemies and avenges His people)
  • Deuteronomy 32 → Revelation 15:3–4 (The Song of Moses and the Song of the Lamb)
  • The Red Sea Deliverance → Revelation 15:2–4 (The victorious saints standing by the sea of glass)
  • The Exodus Generation → The Victorious Church (A redeemed people delivered through judgment)

Introduction to the seven condemnations (16:18-21)

  1. Blasphemy of the Harlot (17:1-6)
  2. Harlots Pagan Alliance with Rome (17:7-18)
  3. Spiritual fornications (18:1-8)
  4. Ungodly statist/commercial alliance (18:9-20)
  5. The finality of Babylon's fall (18:21-24)
  6. All heaven agreeing with her judgment (19:1-4)
  7. The death of the harlot is followed by the marriage of the Lamb (19:5-10)

Introduction to the seven New Covenant visions – Jesus proves that He is King of kings and Lord of lords (19:11-21)

Seventh Septet — Seven visions of the victory of Christ's Kingdom

  1. Satan's power bound (20:1-3)
  2. Victory over death guaranteed (20:4-6) — reign in life and in death
  3. Final judgment (20:7-15)
  4. All things made new (21:1-8)
  5. The New Jerusalem as the spotless bride (21:9-21)
  6. Eternal dominion (21:22-27)
  7. The river of life (22:1-5)

Epilogue: How to Read This Book (22:6-21)

Introduction to the seven seals – Christ is on His throne and is governing all of history (4:1 – 5:14)

The Seven Seals

  1. Seal 1 - the white horse (6:1-2)
  2. Seal 2 - the red horse (6:3-4)
  3. Seal 3 - the black horse (6:5-6)
  4. Seal 4 - the yellowish-green horse (6:7-8)
  5. Seal 5 - the souls under the altar (6:9-11)
  6. Seal 6 - the earthquake (6:12-17)
  7. Seal 7 (8:1) introduces the seven trumpets and seems to comprise all of the third septet

Interlude before 7th trumpet: The closing off of prophecy & the nature of prophecy (10:1-11:14)

Introduction to the seven visions

The invisible battles are the key to the earthly ones (12:1-17)

Summarize the heart of the covenant,

Interlude before the 7th seal: the 144,000 of the Jewish remnant and the innumerable multitude (7:1-17)

7 Visions

  1. The beast rising out of the sea (13:1-10)
  2. The beast rising out of the land (13:11-18)
  3. The 144,000 virgin (warriors) and the Lamb (14:1-5)
  4. The seven angels (14:6-13)
  5. The positive reaping of wheat (14:14-16)
  6. The negative reaping of grapes (14:17-20)

7. The final “sign in heaven” (15:1) seems to comprise everything in the fifth septet and guarantees the eventual conversion of all nations (15:1-4)

Olivet Discourse & Revelation 6

The sequence in Revelation 6 closely parallels the sequence found in the Olivet Discourse: deception, war, famine, death, persecution, and cosmic signs (Matt. 24:4–29; Mark 13:5–25; Luke 21:8–26; Rev. 6:1–17).

Olivet Discourse (Matt 24; Mark 13; Luke 21) Revelation 6
False messiahs / deception First Seal – White Horse
Wars and rumors of wars Second Seal – Red Horse
Famines Third Seal – Black Horse
Death by sword, famine, pestilence, and wild beasts Fourth Seal – Pale Horse
Persecution and martyrdom of believers Fifth Seal – Martyrs under the altar
Cosmic signs: sun darkened, moon affected, stars falling, powers of heaven shaken Sixth Seal – Cosmic disturbances

Daniel 7 vs. Revelation 4–5

When we compare these texts side-by-side, it becomes clear that Daniel and John are witnessing the exact same courtroom, although maybe not the same moment.

Connection / Theme Daniel 7 Revelation 4–5
1. The Vision Opens "I watched till..." (7:9) "After these things I looked and behold, a door standing open in the sky..." (4:1)
2. The Throne Set "...and thrones were put in place..." (7:9a) "...behold, a throne set in heaven..." (4:2a)
3. The Divine Judge "...and the Ancient of Days was seated..." (7:9b) "...(and One sitting on the throne)" (4:2b)
4. The Holy Appearance "His garment was white as snow, and the hair of His head was like pure wool." (7:9c) "...similar in appearance to a stone, jasper and carnelian..." (4:3a)
5. The Fiery Presence "His throne was a fiery flame... A fiery stream issued and came forth from before Him." (7:9d–10a) "And out of the throne came lightnings and noises and thunders; and seven lamps of fire were burning..." (4:5)
6. The Heavenly Hosts "A thousand thousands ministered to Him; ten thousand times ten thousand stood before Him." (7:10b) "...And their number was ten thousand times ten thousand and a thousand thousands," (5:11)
7. The Covenant Documents "...The court was seated, and the books were opened." (7:10c) "And I saw upon the right hand of Him who sat on the throne a scroll, written inside and outside..." (5:1)
8. The Unsealing Demand "...and the books were opened." (7:10c) "Who is worthy to open the scroll and to break its seals?" (5:2)
9. The Prophet's Sorrow "I, Daniel, was grieved in my spirit... and the visions of my head troubled me." (7:15) "And I began to really weep, because no one was found worthy to open and read..." (5:4)
10. Heavenly Guidance "I came near to one of those who stood by, and asked him the truth... So he told me the interpretation..." (7:16) "So one of the elders says to me: 'Stop weeping! Look! The Lion...'" (5:5a)
11. The Worthy Heir "...And behold, One like the Son of Man... He came to the Ancient of Days..." (7:13) "...Look! The Lion of the tribe of Judah... has prevailed to open the scroll... And He went and took it..." (5:5b–7)
12. Consuming the Domain "...Then to Him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom..." (7:14a) "...And have redeemed us to God by Your blood out of every tribe and tongue and people and nation." (5:9b)
13. Vindicating the Saints "But the saints of the Most High shall receive the kingdom... and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom." (7:18,22) "and You have made them kings and priests to our God, and they will reign on the earth." (5:10)
14. Everlasting Acclamation "His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey Him." (7:27b) "To Him who sits upon the throne and to the Lamb: the blessing and the honor... for ever and ever! Amen!!" (5:13)

Covenant Structure

  • Preamble → Revelation 1 (The covenant Lord identifies Himself and addresses His servants)
  • Historical Prologue → Revelation 2–3 (Review of the churches' covenant faithfulness and failures)
  • Ethical Stipulations → Revelation 4–5 (The heavenly throne room establishes God's authority and the Lamb's right to rule)
  • Oaths / Sanctions → Revelation 6–9 (Covenant curses and judgments are poured out upon the covenant breakers)
  • Witnesses → Revelation 10–11 (The prophetic witness testifies before judgment is completed)
  • Covenant Succession → Revelation 11:15–19 (The kingdom is formally transferred to Christ and His people as the covenant reaches its climax)

4 punishments of 7

Coveneant Curses

Leviticus 26:18

Leviticus 26:21

Leviticus 26:24

Leviticus 26:28

These two interludes

  1. Explain two foundational issues in the transition from Old Covenant to New Covenant
  2. Help to explain the differences between court judgment, redemptive judgment, and punitive judgment.
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
John And Revelation
Jesus as the New Joshua
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